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Earth’s gravitational field affects everything in materials science research. It drives convection currents in solutions, causes denser particles to sediment out of suspensions, forces immiscible phases to separate by density, and deforms soft or liquid samples before measurement can take place.

These pervasive effects interfere with the fundamental thermophysical behaviors of materials, making it difficult to isolate and study their intrinsic properties.

Using microgravity in space could transform materials science.